Shivaji was born in the fort of Shivner on 10th April 1627 AD from the womb of Jijabai, the first wife of Shahaji Bhosale. The fort of Shivner was near north of Junnar from Poona. There is a difference between historians in relation to their date of birth. There are several birthdays mentioned in which 20 April 1627, 19 February 1630 and 9 March 1630 are particularly notable.

Childhood of Shivaji

Shivaji's childhood remained neglected like Sher Shah and he was deprived of the father's protection for a long time due to stepmother. Shahaji Bhosale was more attached to his second wife Tukabai Mohite and Jijabai was living neglected and despised life. But Jijabai was an extraordinary talent-born woman born in the higher total.

Jijabai belonged to the Yadav dynasty and his father was a powerful hero. He had a religious tendency. He gave inspiration to his son to become a great man since childhood, after telling the saga of the ideal men of Hindu religion. In childhood, mother did the work of building the character of the son. Such moms are sparse

Education

Shivaji did not receive regular education like Hadar Ali and Ranjit Singh. Their mother used to live in paternity status Shahaji Bhosale appointed his trusted servant, Dadaji Kanadeva as the guardian of Shivaji. Dadaji Angde was an elderly experienced scholar.

Seeing Shivaji's talent, he gave them verbally knowledge of Ramayana, Mahabharata and other religious texts. Along with mental development, Dadaji Angad taught Shivaji with martial arts. Shivaji was also given the knowledge of administration by his grandfather, Kanadeva. Therefore, apart from Jijabai, the impact of Grandfather Angad Dev was the biggest on Shivaji's life and character.

Character Development

Guru Ramdas's education was also influenced by Shivaji's character development. Ramdas was the spiritual guide of Shivaji. Ramadoss gave a message to the Marathas to organize and protect the Janani and the Janmabhoomi. They had ordered the protection of religion, cow and Brahmin. By inspiration from the ideals of mother, mentor and guru, Shivaji gradually became courageous and courageous warrior.

They dreamed of creating a nation in the name of religion, earth and cow protection. They had taken the pledge to free the motherland from foreign power. Rowlinson has written, "Instead of the looting power, Shivaji had lived his life with the aim of liberating the country from the atrocities of the foreigners."

Maratha Blood

Maratha and Yadav's blood was flowing in Shivaji's artery. Naturally, there was no shortage of courage, courage and self-respect in favor of dynasty. He had refused to serve the Sultan of Bijapur according to the advice of his mentor, Dadaji Angad. He considered it best to lead an independent and adventurous life. At that time, Bijapur's state was passing through the conflicts of mutual conflict and foreign invasion.

So instead of serving the rising sultan towards the fall, they started organizing the mavals. Maval Pradesh was 90 miles long and 19 miles wide by a vast territory covered with hills and valleys near the Western Ghats. In this region people of Koli and Maratha castes used to live as struggling lives and were regarded as hardworking and skilled soldiers. Shivaji Maharaj made contact with the residents of the state and became acquainted with their various parts. By bringing Maval youth to their side, Shivaji started the construction of the fort.

The support of Maval castes proved to be very important for Shivaji as the support of Afghans for Sher Shah. On the strength of Afghan cooperation, Sher Shah founded the Afghan Empire, in the same way Shivaji also wanted to establish an independent nation on the basis of Mavalons.

Marriage

Shivaji's marriage took place in 1641 AD with Sayibai Nimbalkar in Bangalore. His mentor, Dada Kennadev, was in favor of serving a traditional way instead of living an uncertain life. But the independent nature of Shivaji is not a retirement bro From the age of 16, he started a booty around Konkan. After receiving information about these incidents, Dadaji Angad became very upset and died in March, 1647 AD. After the death of the mentor, Shivaji decided to independently decide his destination.

Evaluation of Shivaji

There were some fascinating elements in Shivaji's personality and character that kept him above ordinary personality and kept him in a rare personality category. In childhood, following the ideals taught by him to adhere to the ideals he had given in his practical life, he showed intense devotion towards Mother. All the qualities of a successful and capable soldier and senanayak were present in Shivaji's personality.

The Death

Kshatrapati Shivaji died in 1680 AD. They left behind an empire which left the struggle with the Mughals. Immediately after his death, in 1681, Aurangzeb launched an offensive military campaign in the south to capture the states of Marathas, Adil Shahi and Golconda.

Reason For The Rise of Marathas

Natural reason

The natural conditions of Maharashtra have a profound and good impact on the character of Marathas. In the hill states of Maharashtra, the lack of years and barren land created qualities of courage and self-confidence in the Marathas and they escaped from the flaws of laziness and subject matter. He became very hard working as a resident of the hill state. They could successfully use the guerrilla system successfully in their territory. The trees of the mountains provided natural and strong fortresses to them. Natural conditions helped them with great help in winning the war against their enemies.

Religious Awakening In Maharashtra

Even before the arrival of the Mughals, many great reformers in Maharashtra condemned caste discrimination and tied the Marathas in the form of unity. Maratha religious reformers such as Eknath, Tukaram, Ramdas and Vaman Pandit, respectively, for many years propagated the importance and devotion of god devotion, human equality, work and hard work for many years. They sowed seeds of self-confidence and unity in the Maratha caste. Shivaji's Guru Ramdas was a great religious preacher. He did this work through his creation "Das Bhad" and impressed the Marathas very much.

Training in Martial Arts And Administration

Malik Ambar, the famous commander of Ahmad Nagar, recruited the Marathas in large numbers in their army. In Ahmadnagar, the Marathas received training in administration and army by staying in military and administrative positions. Shivaji's father Shahaji Bhosale established his influence on some areas of Ahmednagar. Taking advantage of Karnataka's unrest, he tried to establish a semi-autonomous state. In the last years of Nizam Shahi rule, he became ruler ruler. But due to the jealousy of the other courtiers, he had to work in Bijapur. Likewise, many Marathas have also served in the states of Bijapur and Golkonda and trained in administration and governance.

Contribution of Literature and Language

While the tales of Tukaram were unanimously given to the Marathas, Eknath taught them love with their mother tongue. One language of the Marathas, one religion and common life contributed to unity and cooperation in it, helping them in the rise of marathas.

Shivaji's Personality

According to some historians, the reason for the rise of Marathas was a qualified diplomat, skilled soldier and great leader like Shivaji. Shivaji's bright character and great personality were created due to his mother Jijabai. Due to his teachings and counsel, Shivaji could organize marathas.

Shia states of the south fight with the Mughals

Marathas developed their power easily by a long-term battle between the Shia Sultans of South and the Mughal emperors. Shia Sultan and Mughal of Deccan wanted to get support from the Marathas. The Marathas took advantage of the split of both of them from time to time to strengthen their power.

Influence of Grandfather Kondadeva

Dadoji Konddeo was the mentor of Shivaji's patron and military scholarship. He taught the art of fighting the battle of Hivaji and other Marathas, horse riding, fencing and skilled military arrangements

Impact of Spiritual Guru Ramdas

Guru Ramdas has filled the love for the Hindu religion in the heart of Shivaji. He inspired him to protect the cow, Brahmin and Dharma, all three. He instructed Shivaji to gather the Marathas and make them feel united.

Contributions of Panchayat Institutions

Like other parts of the country in Maharashtra, the local institutions of governance ie Panchayats have been working fully. These institutions awakened the spirit of power and independence in the Marathas.

Emaciation of the Mughals

Aurangzeb remained in the South from 1682 to 1707 AD. In these years, even if the Mughal forces were successful, they never got a decisive victory. This gave an opportunity to the successors of Shivaji and subsequent Maratha warlords to increase their influence power.

People of Sikhism are followers of Guru Nanak Dev. Guru Nanak Dev's period is a 1469-1539 AD. People of Sikhism mainly live in Punjab. They believe in the fundamental truth contained in all religions, and their view is devoid of religious or communal partiality and is liberal. After the death of Guru Nanak in 1538 AD, the head of the Sikhs began to be called Guru. History of Sikhism is a history of sacrifices. Today we will keep the glorious history of ten gurus and Sikh religion in front of you in this article. The list of gurus in the history of Sikhism is something like this -


Guru Nanak Dev (1469-1539)
Angad (1539-1552)
Amardas (1552-1574)
Ramdas (1574-1581)
Arjun (1581-1606)
Hargovind (1606-1645)
Hararai (1645-1661)
Harkishan (1661-1664)
Teg Bahadur (1664-1675)
Guru Gobind Singh (1675-1708)

Guru Nanak

Guru Nanak was the originator of Sikh religion. They were born in the Khatri family in Talwandi or modern Nankana Sahib near Lahore in 1469 AD. They were religious preachers of the Sadhu nature. He engaged his entire life in promoting the good things of Hinduism and Islam, which is welfare for all human society. Gurunanak taught to abstain from excessive penance and excessive worldly pleasures, egotism and tremolo, selfishness and untruth. He preached his religion to all, in fact both Hindus and Muslims became his followers. His self-taught holy post and teachings (sons) are compiled in the scriptures of the Sikhs, "Granth Sahib". Nanak Dev died in 1539.

Guru Angad

Guru Angad was the second Guru of the Sikhs. He was nominated for this post by Guru Nanak Dev. Nanak considered him the most in his disciples and left Angad as his heir to his two sons. Guru Angad was the leader of the highest quality of character and the high command of the Sikhs, who led the followers for 14 years.

Guru Amardas

Guru Amarardas (Guru Amardas) was the third guru of the Sikhs. They were characteristic and virtuous. They publicized Sikh religion in a broader way.

Guru Ramdas

The fourth Guru Ramdas was a very sad nature person. He donated a reservoir with a reservoir in Amritsar, on which later the golden temple was built.

Guru Arjun

Guru Arjun is an important place in the history of Sikhism (Sikh Dharma History). The fifth Guru Arjuna (Guru Arjuna) compiled a religious book called "Adi Granth" of the Sikhs, in which the voice of the four Gurus and others of Hindu and Muslim saints compiled in their compilation is compiled. They used to practice religious funding from each Sikh to make the religious position of the Khalsa creed firm. On the order of Jahangir, Guru Arjuna was slaughtered for his reason that Guru Arjan had given asylum to Jahangir's rebel son, Shahzada Khusro.

Guru Hargovind

Guru Arjun's son, Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji, formed a military organization of Sikhs. They collected a small army of soldiers. Guru Arjan defeated the royal army in a war by revolting against Shah Jahan. But later he had to take refuge in the mountainous region of Kashmir.

Guru Hararai and Guru Kishan
No significant incident occurred during the era of Guru Har Rai and Guru Kishan. He made the Khalsa creed more powerful by following the policy of the Sena-organization of the customary traditions introduced by Guru Arjun and his son Har Govind.

Teg Bahadur

The nine guru, Guru Teg Bahadur, faced the evil nature of Aurangzeb. He made Guru Tegh Bahadur a prisoner and proposed to him that either accept Islam or be ready to die. Later, his head was bruised by the wicked Aurangzeb. His martyrdom had serious impact on the entire Sikh community, his son and the next Guru Govind Singh.

Guru Gobind Singh

Gurū Gobind Singh, well-thought-out, shaped the peaceful Sikh community as a military organization that could withstand the encroachment and atrocities of the Muslims firmly. At the same time, they filled the feeling of discipline in the Sikhs that they became a fighting force. He named his sect Khalsa (holy). With the idea of binding the entire Sikh community in unity, the Sikhs, Kesh, Kadha, Saber and Kangha - ordered five items to be held in the required form. He inaugurated the practice of Gahul, according to which all the Sikh groups used to accept offerings in the same bowl for the purpose of breaking the bondage.

Guru Gobind Singh made several wars with the local Mughal rulers, in which his two children were killed. But they did not get discouraged. Keeping the organization of Sikhs till his death. In 1708 AD an Afghan killed him.

Further compositions of Guru Gobind Singh compiled also, and this compilation became an addendum to "Guru Granth Sahib". The entire Sikh community respected him so much that after his death the master post was abolished. However, only after his death, Banda Veer took over the leadership of the Sikhs. From 1708 AD to 1716 AD, under the leadership of Veer Vanda, the Sikhs continued to take the iron from the Mughals, but in 1716 AD, Banda Veer was taken captive and crushed with elephants by the command of Badshah Farrukhshiyar (1713-1719). Was killed